---

id: jwt

JWT

JWT returns a JSON Web Token (JWT) auth middleware. For valid token, it sets the user in Ctx.Locals and calls next handler. For invalid token, it returns "401 - Unauthorized" error. For missing token, it returns "400 - Bad Request" error.

Special thanks and credits to Echo

Note: Requires Go 1.19 and above

Install

This middleware supports Fiber v1 & v2, install accordingly.

go get -u github.com/gofiber/fiber/v2
go get -u github.com/gofiber/contrib/jwt
go get -u github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5

Signature

jwtware.New(config ...jwtware.Config) func(*fiber.Ctx) error

Config

Property	Type	Description	Default
Filter	func(*fiber.Ctx) bool	Defines a function to skip middleware	nil
SuccessHandler	func(*fiber.Ctx) error	SuccessHandler defines a function which is executed for a valid token.	nil
ErrorHandler	func(*fiber.Ctx, error) error	ErrorHandler defines a function which is executed for an invalid token.	401 Invalid or expired JWT
SigningKey	interface{}	Signing key to validate token. Used as fallback if SigningKeys has length 0.	nil
SigningKeys	map[string]interface{}	Map of signing keys to validate token with kid field usage.	nil
ContextKey	string	Context key to store user information from the token into context.	"user"
Claims	jwt.Claim	Claims are extendable claims data defining token content.	jwt.MapClaims{}
TokenLookup	string	TokenLookup is a string in the form of <source>:<name> that is used	"header:Authorization"
AuthScheme	string	AuthScheme to be used in the Authorization header. The default value ("Bearer") will only be used in conjuction with the default TokenLookup value.	"Bearer"
KeyFunc	func() jwt.Keyfunc	KeyFunc defines a user-defined function that supplies the public key for a token validation.	jwtKeyFunc
JWKSetURLs	[]string	A slice of unique JSON Web Key (JWK) Set URLs to used to parse JWTs.	nil

HS256 Example

package main

import (
	"time"

	"github.com/gofiber/fiber/v2"

	jwtware "github.com/gofiber/contrib/jwt"
	"github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5"
)

func main() {
	app := fiber.New()

	// Login route
	app.Post("/login", login)

	// Unauthenticated route
	app.Get("/", accessible)

	// JWT Middleware
	app.Use(jwtware.New(jwtware.Config{
		SigningKey: jwtware.SigningKey{Key: []byte("secret")},
	}))

	// Restricted Routes
	app.Get("/restricted", restricted)

	app.Listen(":3000")
}

func login(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
	user := c.FormValue("user")
	pass := c.FormValue("pass")

	// Throws Unauthorized error
	if user != "john" || pass != "doe" {
		return c.SendStatus(fiber.StatusUnauthorized)
	}

	// Create the Claims
	claims := jwt.MapClaims{
		"name":  "John Doe",
		"admin": true,
		"exp":   time.Now().Add(time.Hour * 72).Unix(),
	}

	// Create token
	token := jwt.NewWithClaims(jwt.SigningMethodHS256, claims)

	// Generate encoded token and send it as response.
	t, err := token.SignedString([]byte("secret"))
	if err != nil {
		return c.SendStatus(fiber.StatusInternalServerError)
	}

	return c.JSON(fiber.Map{"token": t})
}

func accessible(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
	return c.SendString("Accessible")
}

func restricted(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
	user := c.Locals("user").(*jwt.Token)
	claims := user.Claims.(jwt.MapClaims)
	name := claims["name"].(string)
	return c.SendString("Welcome " + name)
}

HS256 Test

Login using username and password to retrieve a token.

curl --data "user=john&pass=doe" http://localhost:3000/login

Response

{
  "token": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJleHAiOjE0NjE5NTcxMzZ9.RB3arc4-OyzASAaUhC2W3ReWaXAt_z2Fd3BN4aWTgEY"
}

Request a restricted resource using the token in Authorization request header.

curl localhost:3000/restricted -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJleHAiOjE0NjE5NTcxMzZ9.RB3arc4-OyzASAaUhC2W3ReWaXAt_z2Fd3BN4aWTgEY"

Response

Welcome John Doe

RS256 Example

package main

import (
	"crypto/rand"
	"crypto/rsa"
	"log"
	"time"

	"github.com/gofiber/fiber/v2"

	"github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5"

	jwtware "github.com/gofiber/contrib/jwt"
)

var (
	// Obviously, this is just a test example. Do not do this in production.
	// In production, you would have the private key and public key pair generated
	// in advance. NEVER add a private key to any GitHub repo.
	privateKey *rsa.PrivateKey
)

func main() {
	app := fiber.New()

	// Just as a demo, generate a new private/public key pair on each run. See note above.
	rng := rand.Reader
	var err error
	privateKey, err = rsa.GenerateKey(rng, 2048)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("rsa.GenerateKey: %v", err)
	}

	// Login route
	app.Post("/login", login)

	// Unauthenticated route
	app.Get("/", accessible)

	// JWT Middleware
	app.Use(jwtware.New(jwtware.Config{
		SigningKey: jwtware.SigningKey{
			JWTAlg: jwtware.RS256,
			Key:    privateKey.Public(),
		},
	}))

	// Restricted Routes
	app.Get("/restricted", restricted)

	app.Listen(":3000")
}

func login(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
	user := c.FormValue("user")
	pass := c.FormValue("pass")

	// Throws Unauthorized error
	if user != "john" || pass != "doe" {
		return c.SendStatus(fiber.StatusUnauthorized)
	}

	// Create the Claims
	claims := jwt.MapClaims{
		"name":  "John Doe",
		"admin": true,
		"exp":   time.Now().Add(time.Hour * 72).Unix(),
	}

	// Create token
	token := jwt.NewWithClaims(jwt.SigningMethodRS256, claims)

	// Generate encoded token and send it as response.
	t, err := token.SignedString(privateKey)
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("token.SignedString: %v", err)
		return c.SendStatus(fiber.StatusInternalServerError)
	}

	return c.JSON(fiber.Map{"token": t})
}

func accessible(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
	return c.SendString("Accessible")
}

func restricted(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
	user := c.Locals("user").(*jwt.Token)
	claims := user.Claims.(jwt.MapClaims)
	name := claims["name"].(string)
	return c.SendString("Welcome " + name)
}

RS256 Test

The RS256 is actually identical to the HS256 test above.

JWK Set Test

The tests are identical to basic JWT tests above, with exception that JWKSetURLs to valid public keys collection in JSON Web Key (JWK) Set format should be supplied. See RFC 7517.

Custom KeyFunc example

KeyFunc defines a user-defined function that supplies the public key for a token validation. The function shall take care of verifying the signing algorithm and selecting the proper key. A user-defined KeyFunc can be useful if tokens are issued by an external party.

When a user-defined KeyFunc is provided, SigningKey, SigningKeys, and SigningMethod are ignored. This is one of the three options to provide a token validation key. The order of precedence is a user-defined KeyFunc, SigningKeys and SigningKey. Required if neither SigningKeys nor SigningKey is provided. Default to an internal implementation verifying the signing algorithm and selecting the proper key.

package main

import (
	"fmt"
  "github.com/gofiber/fiber/v2"

  jwtware "github.com/gofiber/contrib/jwt"
  "github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5"
)

func main() {
	app := fiber.New()

	app.Use(jwtware.New(jwtware.Config{
		KeyFunc: customKeyFunc(),
	}))

	app.Get("/ok", func(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
		return c.SendString("OK")
	})
}

func customKeyFunc() jwt.Keyfunc {
	return func(t *jwt.Token) (interface{}, error) {
		// Always check the signing method
		if t.Method.Alg() != jwtware.HS256 {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unexpected jwt signing method=%v", t.Header["alg"])
		}

		// TODO custom implementation of loading signing key like from a database
    signingKey := "secret"

		return []byte(signingKey), nil
	}
}