BayesianAverage returns a bayesian weighted average where: c = A scalar constant, generally set to a value that represents the minimum number of observations required before an observed parameter begins to be more reliable than the estimated parameter.

Bellman applies a Bellman operation to recommend a new q-value for a state based on the supplied paramters.

SafeDivide returns 0 if the divisor is 0, avoiding div/0 panics.